All the gorilla subspecies fall within the endangered category under the IUCN threatened species classification. This means that zoos have an extremely important role to play in gorilla conservation. Were the gorilla ever to become extinct in the wild the presevation of the species would now be wholly dependent on the survival of those individuals (and their offspring) in captivity. But there's an ironic twist to this...because some of the most endangered subspecies of gorilla (namely the moutain gorilla), to date, have never survived in captivity.

Almost all the gorillas in zoos today are western gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla). In 1976 when the gorilla was included in Appendix I of CITES , of the 498 gorillas in captivity, 403 were born in the wild. This is in big contrast to the situation today. Of the 692 gorillas in captivity as of the end of 1991, 371 (slightly more than 53%) were born in captivity. This is a welcome trend, because previously thousands of gorillas were killed in attempts to capture youngsters destined for zoos.